The recession has caused a significant economic adjustment, including a realignment of assets and the demand and supply of talent. Along with these adjustments has been renewed debate over issues such as the distribution of wealth, the disappearing middle class and the belief in meritocracy. Some recent experts have reaffirmed a perception that both the belief in the “self-made man” and the benefits of meritocracy are largely myths and don’t serve society well.
Movies, TV shows and popular media, and many politicians are reinforcing these myths by arguing and promoting the notion that anyone can be wealthy or make it to the top by virtue of their hard work and positive attitude and that’s how successful people did it in the past. If this were true, we wouldn’t see a virtual explosion of people buying lottery tickets, and governments using lotteries as a significant source of revenue.
Some of the wealthiest entrepreneurs in North America say there is no such thing as the “self-made man.” With more millionaires making, rather than inheriting, their wealth, there is a false belief that they made it on their own without help, a new report published by the Boston-based non-profit United For a Fair Economy, states. The group has signed more than 2,200 millionaires and billionaires to a petition to reform and keep the U.S. inheritance tax. The report says the myth of “self-made wealth is potentially destructive to the very infrastructure that enables wealth creation.”
The individuals profiled in the report believed they prospered in large part to things beyond their control and because of the support of others. Warren Buffet, the second richest man in the world said, “I personally think that society is responsible for a very significant percentage of what I’ve earned.” Erick Schmidt, CEO of Google says, “Lots of people who are smart and work hard and play by the rules don’t have a fraction of what I have. I realize that I don’t have my wealth because I’m so brilliant.”Malcolm Gladwell, in his book, The Outliers, attacks America’s myth of the self-made man. Gladwell’s meticulous research has shown that enormously successful people like Bill Gates, The Beatles, and professional athletes, scientists and artists, all had people in their lives that helped them get there.
Tuesday 15 June 2010
The myths of the "self-made man" and meritocracy ☀
Friday 11 June 2010
How to write a "Malcolm Gladwell Bestseller" (MGB) ☀
1. Your book is actually going to be a collection of essays drawn together by a loose thread. The thread really doesn’t have to be drawn very tight. In all three of his books there’s a vague connection between essays.
2. Each of your essays is going to revolve around a single idea; e.g. in Outliers there’s a whole chapter about the fact that when athletes are picked based on a calendar this means that children born close to the cutoff date are favored or disfavored depending on whether their birthdate is before or after the date.
3. Illustrate the idea with stories about real people. In Outliers, Gladwell’s 10,000-hour rule (basically to be good at something you have to do it a lot) is illustrated by talking about Bill Gates, The Beatles, and others you will have heard of.
4. Get a professor. If you are illustrating a complex point (such as the facial expressions in Blink) you’ll want a professor to interview and quote from. You will need to spend quite a bit of time talking about the professor’s background and establishing his long credibility to drive home the point you are making. This ‘professor credibility’ is a substitute for the idea actually being established scientific fact. For example, in Blink Gladwell reports on the micro-facial expressions of British double agent Kim Philby. It’s hard to read that passage without thinking “confirmation bias”, but Gladwell passes it off as fact.
4. Best to have some sad stories to illustrate your points well. The story of Christopher Langan, an autodidact that Gladwell portrays as a genius who has failed to succeed, appears in Outliers.
5. Give things names and remember Douglas Adams’ rule of capital letters. Capital letters make things important. For example, in The Tipping Point, Gladwell conjures up the following important concepts: The Law of the Few, The Stickiness Factor, and The Power of Context. In Outliers, there’s The Matthew Effect and The 10,000-Hour Rule.
6. Don’t fret too much about accuracy, concentrate on telling a good story. In The Tipping Point, Gladwell makes much of Stanley Milgram’s experiment sending letters across the country (which is where we get the six degrees of separation idea), and part of the book relies on the idea that certain people are ‘hubs’ (with many connections) through which messages are likely to pass. Unfortunately, more recent work suggests that this isn’t true.
7. Don’t worry about the new, new thing. Gladwell’s books often talk about relatively ancient ideas. In Outliers there’s a chapter about cockpit dynamics and how different cultures deal with respect within hierarchies differently. The result is that in some cultures the captain’s decisions might be respected even when erroneous (leading to crashes). The critical paper for that chapter is Cultural Diversity and Crew Communication which dates to 1999.
The perfect Gladwell chapter is the section mentioned in 7: The Ethnic Theory of Plane Crashes. The stories are great (plane crashes, heroic pilots, cockpit transcripts) and set the scene for the idea. There are enough statistics to keep it looking grounded in hard facts. There’s a simple idea: those Asians are too respectful of hierarchy. There’s even the Qantas Effect: those unruly Australians don’t have plane crashes because they don’t respect hierarchy. Simple, easy to digest, grounded in some facts, illustrated by scary and heart-warming stories.
Though I believe Michael Lewis has enhanced and improved this formula…
Tuesday 24 February 2009
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